• 509 BC - The temple of Jupiter on Rome's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September.
• 122 - The building of Hadrian's Wall begins.
• 533 - General Belisarius of the Byzantine Empire defeats Gelimer and the Vandals at the Battle of Ad Decimium, near Carthage, North Africa.
• 1224 - Francis of Assisi is afflicted with stigmata.
• 1440 - Gilles de Rais is finally taken into custody upon an accusation brought against him by the Bishop of Nantes.
• 1503 - Michelangelo begins work on his statue of David.
• 1504 - Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand issue a Royal Warrant for the construction of a Royal Chapel (Capilla Real) to be built.
• 1609 - Henry Hudson reached the river that would later be named after him - the Hudson River.
• 1743 - Great Britain, Austria and Savoy-Sardinia sign the Treaty of Worms (1743).
• 1759 - Battle of the Plains of Abraham: British defeat French near Quebec City in the Seven Years' War, known in the United States as the French and Indian War.
• 1788 - The United States' Philadelphia Convention sets the date for the country's first presidential election, and New York City becomes the temporary capital of the U.S..
• 1791 - King Louis XVI of France accepts the new constitution.
• 1814 - The British fail to capture Baltimore, Maryland. Turning point in the War of 1812.
• 1814 - Francis Scott Key writes The Star-Spangled Banner
• 1847 - Mexican-American War: Six teenage military cadets known as Niños Héroes die defending Chapultepec Castle in the Battle of Chapultepec. American General Winfield Scott captures Mexico City in the Mexican-American War.
• 1862 - American Civil War: Union soldiers find a copy of Robert E. Lee's battle plans in a field outside Frederick, Maryland. It is the prelude to the Battle of Antietam.
• 1882 - The Battle of Tel el-Kebir is fought in the 1882 Anglo-Egyptian War.
• 1898 - Hannibal Goodwin patents celluloid photographic film.
• 1899 - Henry Bliss is the first person in the United States to be killed in an automobile accident.
• 1899 - Mackinder, Ollier and Brocherel make the first ascent of Batian (5,199m - 17,058 ft), the highest peak of Mount Kenya.
• 1900 - Filipino resistance fighters defeat a small American column in the Battle of Pulang Lupa, during the Philippine-American War.
• 1906 - First fixed-wing aircraft flight in Europe.
• 1914 - During World War I, South African troops open hostilities in German south-west Africa (Namibia) with an assault on the Ramansdrift police station.
• 1922 - The temperature (in the shade) at Al 'Aziziyah, Libya reaches a world record 57.7°C (135.9°F).
• 1923 - Military coup in Spain - Miguel Primo de Rivera takes over, setting up a dictatorship.
• 1935 - Rockslide near Whirlpool Rapids Bridge ends the Great Gorge and International Railway.
• 1940 - World War II: German bombs damage Buckingham Palace.
• 1940 - World War II: Italy invades Egypt.
• 1942 - World War II: Second day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge in the Guadalcanal campaign. U.S. Marines successfully defeated attacks by the Imperial Japanese Army with heavy losses for the Japanese forces.
• 1943 - Chiang Kai-shek elected president of the Republic of China.
• 1948 - Margaret Chase Smith is elected senator, and becomes the first woman to serve in both the U.S. House of Representatives and the United States Senate.
• 1953 - Nikita Khrushchev appointed secretary-general of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
• 1956 - The dike around the Dutch polder East Flevoland is closed.
• 1956 - IBM introduces the first computer disk storage unit, the RAMAC 305.
• 1968 - Albania leaves the Warsaw Pact.
• 1971 - State police and National Guardsmen storm New York's Attica Prison to end a prison revolt. 42 people die in the assault.
• 1979 - South Africa grants independence to the "homeland" of Venda (not recognised outside South Africa).
• 1985 - Japan Super Mario Bros. released for the Nintendo Entertainment System.
• 1987 - Goiânia accident: A radioactive object is stolen from an abandoned hospital in Goiânia, Brazil, contaminating many people in the following weeks and leading some to die from radiation poisoning.
• 1988 - Hurricane Gilbert is the strongest recorded hurricane in the Western Hemisphere (based on barometric pressure).
• 1989 - Largest anti-Apartheid march in South Africa, led by Desmond Tutu.
• 1993 - Public unveiling of the Oslo Accords, an Israeli-Palestinian peace agreement initiated by Norway.
• 1993 - Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin shakes hands with PLO chairman Yasser Arafat at the White House after signing an accord granting limited Palestinian autonomy.
• 1994 - Ulysses probe passes the Sun's south pole.
• 1999 - Bomb explodes in Moscow, Russia. At least 119 people are killed.
• 2001 - Civilian aircraft traffic resumes in the U.S. after the September 11, 2001 attacks.
• 2006 - At Dawson College (Montreal), Kimveer Gill kills one student and wounds 19 others before committing suicide.

Births